Compare and Contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

Compare and Contrast - Essay Example Sherlock Holmes, from the television serial â€Å"The Hound of The Baskervilles† and the movie â€Å"Sherlock Holmes,† played by Jeremy Brett and Robert Downey respectively, are compared, then it is found that they display similar traits and behavior when it comes to their mental patterns. For example, they both like the process of deduction and find it challenging. They are proud of their analytical ability to deduct the facts about people from their physical appearance or accessories. For example, Brett is shown making deduction about a man from the walking stick that he forgets in his apartment. When he sees the man getting down from the carriage, he remarks â€Å"I was right,† in a very satisfactory and happy tone. In the movie, Downey is shown making deduction about Watson’s girl friend from her appearance and her accessories. He does not refuse to state the facts even when he realizes that it might make Watson and his girl friend uncomfortable. This shows that both the characters find great mental satisfaction in making deductions about people, and do not hesitate to display their skill even if it creates discomfort for others. Secondly, both the characters are sarcastic in their expressions. For example, Brett asks Watson to make deduction from the walking stick. When Watson tells him what he thinks, Brett initially appreciates him but when Watson expresses happiness over his achievement, Brett says â€Å"but I am afraid that most of your conclusions were erroneous.† Similarly, even Downey is shown being sarcastic in his remarks. For example, in the beginning of the movie, when the inspector reaches the crime scene after the girl is saved by Holmes and Watson from being murdered by Lord Blackwood, Holmes says to the inspector â€Å"impeccable timing Lestrade,† in a sarcastic tone. Later, when inspector says â€Å"and you were supposed to wait for my orders,† Downey replies â€Å"if I had, you would be cleaning up a corpse and chasing a rumor.† This shows that

Shaping American History Essay Example for Free

Shaping American History Essay As they say there is nothing constant but change. While there is nothing that can be added to this truism, one can argue that although American society is constantly evolving, the changes that are happening in the 21st century are simply the byproduct of the events that transpired in the past, particularly after World War II. These pivotal decades after the Second World War covers the latter part of the 20th century and these five important periods in modern US history are popularly known by their epithets: the 50s, 60s, 70s, 80, and 90s. The following pages will show the pivotal events that occurred within each decade that consequently shaped American history. In the Aftermath of the War The Second World War was one of the bloodiest in the history of mankind. But aside from the carnage, the most important thing to remember about World War II is the effect it had on the political landscape. Germany was reduced to rubble and humbled beyond recognition. Japan was also humiliated especially after two atomic bombs leveled two key cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Although Great Britain belonged to the winning team, the human and monetary cost of the war forced this once proud nation to take a backseat to two emerging global superpowers, the United States and the Union Soviet Socialist Republic. While the whole world was rebuilding from the ashes of war, the United States began to grow from strength to strength. It also began to evolve, particularly in the area of politics and technology. Its policies after the war as well as the scientific breakthroughs experienced by American scientists made the US a force to contend with. The United States of America replaced Europe as the center of the world. The following historical events will help characterize America in the decades after World War II. The 1950s Television There were so many things happening in the decade of the 50s. It was rebuilding time all over the world. The euphoria from winning the global conflict began to wane and Americans started to ease back into normalcy. During this time American citizens began to notice something that used to be in their peripheral vision during World War II but after the war it slowly began to move front and center – the television set. But it had to begin from scratch, â€Å"There was hardly a large enough audience base to interest advertisers in investing in what programming was available. And there was no evidence that television was more than a costly toy† (Sig, 1998). But things began to change for this little apparatus. Technology was a major factor as well as the astute businessmen who saw the great potential for TV. It did not take very long before American began to appreciate the sitcoms, soaps and news broadcast that they can enjoy watching in their television set. With regards to the impact of TV, John Corner was able to put it succinctly when he remarked that TV radically altered the scale, speed of circulation, and nature of knowledge in society and he adds that there is also, â€Å"The extension of the public knowledge field by television, a process co-extensive with television’s steady colonization of everyday life †¦ has changed the nature both of public and private life† (Thumim, 2002). In light of what is happening today, there is so much truth in this last statement. The use of television as a means to broadcast message into homes made a huge impact in American lives considering the history altering events that occurred after the 1950s. If the television set failed to replace radio as the major method of relaying information then it would have been impossible for Americans to feel the seriousness of the Cold War, the excitement of seeing man landing on the moon, the ambivalence concerning the Vietnam War, the social turmoil of the 80s, and many others.

Unilever and Coke: Impact on the Environment and Workers

Unilever and Coke: Impact on the Environment and Workers A multinational corporation or MNC is a large joint stock company or a firm that has operations and assets in at least one foreign country other than its home country. They are characterized by having multi product portfolio, worldwide market, selling billions of worth goods services, large consumer base, worldwide competitors, global perspective, large RD base, employing thousands of workers globally, with only one motive i.e. Profit making. According to recent statistics the combined sales of top 200 MNC’s were around 28% of world’s GDP. Least developing country, or LDC’s, symbolise the weakest section of the international economic community comprising of almost 12% of world population, about 880 million people, accounting for only 2% world GDP 1% global trade (UN-OHRLLS). These countries are lacking in infrastructure, have poor economy inadequate industrial base, large population below poverty line. As per the 2012 UN list, there are 48 least developed coun tries in the world with countries like Africa, Latin America being a part of the list. A multinational companies’ primary motive is to reap profits by employing cheaper, efficient and reliable resources, for which LDC’s or developing economies are ideal as they are economically weak, burdened by unemployment, debt and structural instability. To woo these investors and bring in FDI, the governments lower trade restrictions and give a free reign to the country’s resources to boost their weak economy. While MNC’S are perceived as a positive force that bring employment, economic growth, better technology living standards in the developing economies, but their greed for profit maximisation has led them to exploit the natural resources, human resource, and environment of these developing countries. Coke and its Impact on India’s Economy, Natural resource (water), Environment India’s Reliance on Coke: The worldwide markets in 1990’s for soft drinks industry was shrinking and Coca Cola faced a shrinking market in the US and EU as the western consumer got more health conscious and started banning such products. The market focus shifted to India as it was a developing market with a large middle class population base. Coke returned back to India in 1993 and invested more than 1 billion US$ in 10 years’ time making it the country’s top international investor. With a record growth of â€Å"16% sales volume in India in 2012, 59 bottling operations, 21 contract packers manufacturers, 700,000 retail outlets†, (The Coca-Cola Company) Coke has created millions of jobs through its contract manufacturing, procurement, supply, and distribution networks. The company plans to â€Å"invest another $5 billion† to double its revenue and volume by 2020 making it one of the most promising MNC to boost the Indian economy. (The Coca-Col a Company) Access to natural Resources: Coca Cola, the American multinational invested in India to reap heavy profits and gets access to cheap ground water, low extraction and labour cost. Coca-Cola extracts about 2.5 million litres of water/day, equivalent to meet the basic needs of 100,000 residents every day (India Resource Centre).The use of ground water for bottling Coke and its products in various regions in India has led to drought leading to inability of farmers to continue farming. Indians face extreme water shortages due to unequal distribution of water and also because it’s a highly agrarian economy where 70% people rely on agriculture (Srivastava, 2008). Coke’s plant in Kala Dera, Rajasthan, has caused severe water shortages resulting in depletion of groundwater levels. TERI (The Energy Resources Institute), India’s largest NGO, in its report in 2008 said that in the peak summer months of its production, the plant accounted for using 8% of water extraction with in 2 km radius of the plant making it non-sustainable. Another bottling plant in Kerala, Palakkad, draws 1.5 million litres of water daily (Arjun Sen, The Statesman) resulting in drying up of irrigation wells and producing thousands of gallons of toxic sludge (BBC). Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages Private Limited (HCCBPL), the bottling partner of Coke India, has a plant near Mehdiganj, UP. The plant’s annual requirement is 50,000 cubic metres of water, and uses 2 bore wells of depths 103 and 137 meters, drawing almost 12,290 cubic meters/month of water during its peak season (Central Groundwater Authority, India). As part of ‘Replenishment Policy’, the company has initiated 400 rainwater harvesting projects to restore groundwater resources, provide potable water to over 100 schools, restored traditional water bodies and is pioneering sustainable agricultural practices. Coca Cola also installed Rain Water Harvesting systems in 39 SOS children’s villages in it s bid to give back the water they are using. Environmental impact – A multinationals’ primary aim is profit and utilisation of production practices that are cheap and efficient, even though they might have a negative impact on environment. The contaminated farmlands comprising of toxic-laden waste and unacceptable levels of pesticides in Coke products, leaves toxic environmental footprints in India. Coca Cola has been discharging its waste and effluent into the fields, rivers around the plant areas indiscriminately resulting in the pollution of ground water and soil, making the water of wells and hand pumps unfit for consumption. In Plachimada and Mehdiganj areas Coke distributed its waste to farmers as Fertilisers. Tests conducted by BBC found traces of cadmium and lead in the waste proving its toxicity. Coke products have been proved to have high level of pesticides including DDT, lindane and Malathion with the pesticides and insecticides averaging 0.0150 mg/l, 30 times higher than the European Economic Commissi on (EEC) limit (Pollution Monitoring Laboratory), infact Coke’s Ballia plant is located in an area with a severe contamination of arsenic in its groundwater. Coca-Cola has introduced various initiatives for sustainable supply of agricultural crops, green manufacturing and packaging practices to support the farmers in improved yields and to protect the natural resources across the supply chain. Project ‘Unnati’ in Chittoor, has piloted ultrahigh-density plantations (UHDP) in mango cultivation, to raise productivity, conserve water land resources and increase the incomes of around 25,000 small farmers covering 50,000 acres. Unilever and its Impact on Workers and Environment Impact on Workers: The Unilever can be found across 150 countries, it’s a trusted name in nutrition, hygiene and personal care. They have been in 3 key countries (Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya). Unilever has made an employee programme called, Lamplighter employee programme to improve the fitness, nutrition, and mental health of employees. (Employee Health, Nutrition Well-being.) This programme had already been used in 30 countries, reaching 35,000 people. In 2012, they restricted Smoking for employees whilst at work due to health issues, reaching a â€Å"100% compliance by 2013† (Employee Health, Nutrition Well-being.) According to the labour act, the maximum working hours is 8 hours/day, 40 hours/week. Also the employers working engaged in the harvesting the oil palms need to work on Saturdays but are paid twice the daily wage for working on Saturday. The wage paid to the workers in Ghana is relatively good as their â€Å"daily minimum wage in Ghana is  ¢13,200 (about â⠀š ¬1.25)† (Enu-Kwesi). Unilever’s labour act strictly prohibits the employment of children but the Ghana Employers Association (GEA) found children working in oil palms and rubber plantations. These children confront hazards like exposure to toxic substances, sexual abuse, violence, snake bites and accidents, such as from falling fruits, and cuts. Impact on Environment: Unilever is highly dependent on the environment as the raw materials it requires directly come from nature. According to Greenpeace, Unilever drives deforestation in Borneo by buying palm oil. Unilever is clearing the countrys rainforests, threatening native people and wildlife. Borneo is very important to Unilever because of the presence of palm oil, a common ingredient used in soaps and many other personal care products. Unilever purchases â€Å"1.3 million tons of palm oil each year.† (Hance, Jeremy.) Deforestation is endangering species and resulting in climate change through greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). In Sumatra and Borneo, palm-oil expansion threatens elephants, tigers and rhinos, as well as orang-utans. (The Other Oil Spill.) However, Unilever has taken various initiatives to save the environment by reducing their emissions GHG in the atmosphere, with acts like reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transport, they will achieve this by reduci ng truck mileage, employing alternative transport such as rail or ship. There has been â€Å"18% improvement in CO2 efficiency since 2010 and 7% reduction of CO2 emissions in 2013 compared to 2012.† (TARGETS PERFORMANCE.) As Unilever is the largest producer of ice cream, making their consumption of refrigerators very high, they have tried to reduce gas emissions from refrigerators by using the hydrocarbon climate friendly refrigerators. Unilever has already bought â€Å"1.5 million refrigerator, exceeding their target of 850,000 units.† (TARGETS PERFORMANCE.) Conclusion: While MNC’S are perceived as a positive force that bring employment, economic growth, better technology living standards in the developing countries, but their greed for profit maximisation has led them to exploit the natural resources, human resource, and environment of these developing countries. The overwhelming data proves that the MNC’s are indeed taking due advantage of the weak regulatory authority of these countries at the cost of human health, well-being global environment. In India, Coca Cola may claim to ‘replenish water’ but the glaring truth is reflected by drying hand pumps, bore wells, ponds low ground-water levels and the drying agricultural farms because of lack of irrigation water. The environmental initiatives taken by the company are motivated by the intent to improve the productivity and yields, rest are all side benefits. Rather than bringing in economic prosperity, Coca-Cola has managed to bring in environmental degradat ion, toxic dumping, economic and health problems in Indian communities. Similarly Unilever boasts of many environmental human initiatives but it cannot balance out the damage it’s causing to the environment and the human labour, especially children of these developing countries. Is blatant liberalisation the answer to all the problems of these developing countries? Does the blame of over exploitation lies only at the doorsteps of the MNC’s and not the local governments, who give a free reign to these MNC’s to boost their economies? Who is accountable for the human and environmental damage these companies are incurring? When will we see the real â€Å"Responsible Corporate Citizen MNC’s† that are dictated by a moral code and not just the profit mode?

How does Caryl Churchill affect the acting and production process throu

How does Caryl Churchill affect the acting and production process through her script writing Caryl Churchill has furthered feminist performance theory, in the last twenty years, and broadened traditional views of gender roles through her script writing. For example, her plays Cloud Nine and Top Girls defy traditional convention, with Cloud Nine’s cross-gender casting and Top Girl’s pro-Thatcherite ethos as its foundation. Churchill has affected the acting and production process in the way she has written her scripts, such as the mentioned pieces, and the way in which theatre is performed. â€Å"Her work is heavily influenced by the practices of experimental and physical theatre: not one to make it easy for an audience, she prefers to tell a tale in a challenging, sometimes meandering way.† The language in Far Away appears very normal within the context of the piece, though the subject of the book is something that most audiences would either not understand or be disgusted by. â€Å"†¦ and in fact I killed two cats and a child under five so it wasn’t that different from a mission.† – Joan Churchill’s script, for Far Away, can be seen to turn our present day society into a collection of barbarous individuals, sparing no exception to the animal kingdom and Mother Nature. One could see this as Churchill’s own portrayal of the War of the Worlds. Joan shows concern regarding where the loyalties of the nearby river lies. This could be seen as quite an absurd gesture, however falls into place within the context of the piece and the society in which the characters are living in. Everything on planet Earth is at war with one another. Churchill’s post modern script can be seen to affect the acting and production process by the way in which it transforms the actors into characters, that are unrelated to present day society, who far more in touch with their primordial instinct of ‘survival of the fittest’ in this unimaginable war. â€Å"I’ve shot cattle and children in Ethiopia. I’ve gassed mixed troops of Spanish, computer programmers and dogs. I’ve torn starlings apart with my bare hands†¦ I could go on all day doing that, it was better than sex.† - Todd. The characters within Churchill’s script appear almost quite normal at the beginning, in regards to the very start of the play where the initial convers... ...whereby at the end of the play Selby is in a managerial position. Though this was done in a more light-hearted spirit without the solemn tones that hang about Top Girls. This can be seen to be the way in which Churchill’s attention to current affairs in plays such as Top Girls and After Dinner Joke have affected the acting and production process. Caryl Churchill can be seen to have affected the acting and production process of today’s theatre in many different ways through her script writing. The ‘chilling vision’ of the future in Far Away pushes the actors into a new world, a new approach to their character studies. Top Girls, a reflection of Thatcherite Britain in the late seventies and eighties, takes the actors back to a milestone for the women population of Britain. After Dinner Joke, another reflection of the fight for Third World awareness and the fight against poverty and famine in the late seventies that would lead to such projects as Band Aid. This paper has seen how these particular scripts have affected the acting process, by pushing actors to achieve new feats, and the production process, by the way in which a play is staged and cast.

Environmental Impact Assessment Of Senedd Building Environmental Sciences Essay

An Earth heat exchange system, consisted by 27 pipes drilled 100m into the land and accompanied by suited pumps, for the circulation of the H2O of steady temperature ( 14oC ) , in order to take advantage of the geothermic energy ( Assembly Wales, 2011 ) . The wood fire boiler, which unlike the belowground heat exchange system is merely used during the warming season, has the advantage of â€Å" being efficaciously carbon impersonal † ( UK Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs-Defra, 2011 ) , since wood is less fouling after burning than common coal ( Defra UK, 2011 ) , Furthermore, temperature detectors improve the efficiency of these systems, modulating automatically their operation ( Assembly Wales, 2011 ) . It could be considered, that since the wood fire boiler in this instance, is non the sole warming system working – in specific it is auxiliary to the belowground heat exchange system ( News Wales, 2006 ) – and furthermore since it is non necessary to run to the full at an one-year footing -apart from its operation to heat the H2O in the lavatories ( Sustainability at work, 2011 ) , the C footmark of this contraption is merely a per centum of the entire footmark of the edifice. Nevertheless, the ground of implementing such a characteristic is to better the edifice ‘s public presentation, in footings of sustainable design and energy efficiency and therefore, a proper scrutiny and if necessary an optimisation of it, could take to even better consequences.2. Wood Fire Boilers and energy usageThe edifice was designed as an model sustainable application, in an attempt to show good pattern and set up a higher criterion for new buildings ( Defra UK, 2011 ) . Therefore it showcases among other things, the passage in usage from fossil fuels to low C options and the important energy nest eggs ensuing by the operation of a wood fire boiler. Wood is a sustainable fuel that can be easy accessed, collected, or managed and adult sustainably ( Green Systems UK, 2011 ) . In footings of fuel features and C emanations, wood is about a nothing C stuff, since the CO2 that is released after burning, is the same sum as it would hold been released by the terminal of life phase and decomposition of a tree ( Green Systems UK, 2011 ) . Therefore, burning of wood is non harmful to the environment, since it is a process that follows the natural C rhythm of this stuff ( Green Systems UK, 2011 ) . Wood fire boilers can be divided in farther classs depending on the fuel used ( e.g. wood bit boilers, wood pellet boilers, log boilers, etc. ) . However, the one installed in Senedd presents the advantage of utilizing both wood french friess and wood pellets ( Wood Energy Ltd, 2011 ) , maximising this manner the handiness of the fuel to be provided in either instance. Below there are two images, declarative mood of this type of wood fuel. Wood pellets Wood french friess ( Cotton R. , 2010 ) ( Cotton R. , 2010 ) In footings of waste production after the fuel burning ( i.e. residuary ash ) , what is left â€Å" is about pure potassium hydroxide, which is sold to local nurserymans for fertiliser † ( Sustainability at work, 2011 ) , incorporating one more sustainable characteristic this manner ( i.e. reusability ) , which makes it a more efficient alternate than common dodo fuel boilers. Furthermore, wood fire boilers can be the chief beginning of heat for a edifice or they can be used in concurrence with other heating systems, offering the chance to be used partially whenever this is considered necessary ( i.e. to be accompanied by a dorsum up gas boiler or the other manner around ) ( Cotton, R. , 2011 ) . An extra advantage, is the low care characteristics that are implemented in many of this sort of boilers ( and in the 1 installed in Senedd ) , such as automatic heat money changer, tubing cleansing system and automatic de-ashing ( Cotton R. , 2010 ) . Low care characteristics like these, do non merely lend in a lower cost over clip, but they result besides in an easier overall operation. Possible fix actions can be minimized and to boot, more systematic care actions can be besides reduced significantly. Since energy devouring issues, apart from the consequence they have on clime alteration and the environment in general, they can be rather onerous besides, in footings of cost in many ways. Government grants for implementing low C engineerings and other type of actions, such as possible hereafter C revenue enhancements can work as inducement for increasing penchant in such alternate edifice energy systems ( Green Systems UK, 2011 ) . Harmonizing to Cotton, R. , 2010: â€Å" The cardinal difference between biomass and dodo fuel is the design of the wood fuel storage and bringing mechanism † .3. Senedd wood fire boiler specifications.Below there are two images of the Biomass boiler installed in Senedd. ( Cotton R. , Wood Energy Ltd. 2010 ) ( Cotton R. , Wood Energy Ltd. 2010 ) Despite the fact that this boiler is auxiliary to the belowground heat exchange system ( News Wales, 2006 ) , it is capable to match to the full at peak demand, accompanied by a gas back up option of 400kW ( Cotton, R. , 2010 ) . The tabular array below provides some basic information on the wood fire boiler operating in Senedd and it is based on information published online the company commissioned to supply and put in the wood fire boiler.Wood fire Boiler SpecificationsBoiler Type Binder RRK/RRF 400-600 Maximum rated end product 360kW Wood fuel specification Wood bit and pellet Maximal wet content 35 % Maximal atom size G50 Wood fuel storage volume 40 M3 ( Wood Energy Ltd, 2011 ) . Some extra characteristics, harmonizing to the aforementioned beginning, are: â€Å" Underfed fireplace burning system † â€Å" Automatic cleansing of heat money changer tubings † â€Å" Exhaust gas recirculation † â€Å" Gas ignition burner † â€Å" Subterranean fuel shop to let easy tipping of either wood pellets or wood french friess and is fitted with a modular walking floor system to transport the fuel to the boiler system † ( Wood Energy Ltd. , 2011 ) .4. Occupant ‘s positionThe wood fire boiler provides â€Å" hot H2O for hand-washing in the lavatories and for heating convectors † ( Sustainability at work, 2011 ) . As it can be concluded, it is merely in usage during the warming season. Due to the temperature detectors, the boiler operates merely when temperature falls under a specified degree and when there is a demand to supplement the public presentation of the belowground exchange warming system. Furthermore, it is equipped with a 400kW gas standby option, so heat inside the edifice is provided during all times when it is required. A zero user intercession can be considered, due to the automated ignition and capacity control mentioned in the boiler specification above. The Building Energy Management System ( BEMS ) , along with the attach toing sub-meters allow an energy ingestion rating including the wood fire boiler and an overall direction throughout the edifice ‘s life ( Assembly Wales, 2011 ) .5. Alternative energy systemsSing alternate options for a edifice that has been certified as â€Å" first-class † under the Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method ( BREEAM ) ( National Assembly for Wales, 2011 ) , is non an easy undertaking. Nevertheless, a treatment and re-examination of current patterns is ever good, since there may be issues of adjustability for future demands originating, particularly for instances of long design life. Following the current tendency in sustainable edifice building ( i.e. C emanations decrease ) , an alternate warming system that could replace a wood fire boiler could be solar thermic energy contraptions, such as evacuated tubings. These tubes nowadays the advantage of roll uping sunshine from a wider angle, and to boot ensue in greater solar additions in winter compared to solar panels ( Sustainable Heating Solutions, 2011 ) . Below there are two images, declarative mood of this type of solar aggregators. ( GreenTerraFirma, 2011 ) ( Sustainable Heating Solutions, 2011 ) The big country of the undulating roof of Senedd, makes the installing of evacuated tubings an suited solution, since solar panels would non be satisfactory as options for this type of roof geometry. Furthermore, since evacuated tubings would non be seeable ( except from above ) , the human position on the edifice would stay unchanged, keeping this manner the initial aesthetics of the edifice. Additionally, since solar thermic contraptions can be auxiliary to bing energy systems in a edifice, they could supply the staying per centum of heat required, when the resistance heat exchange system would non be able to run into peak demand. In footings of C footmark rating, facets such as fuel transit or intervention are non necessary in the instance of solar energy contraptions. The entire C footmark of the evacuated tubings would ensue from the industry procedure and the transit and installing merely, and extra trips for wood fuel proviso could be avoided.

The Murder By John Steinbeck essays

The Murder By John Steinbeck essays "The Murder" by John Steinbeck is a classic look at life in the rural United States in the early nineteenth century. This story is a tale of a man and his wife from a foreign country, and the differences of their cultures. Irony is very prominent in this story, and it helps to illustrate a very poignant point on the anti-feminism during the time of the story. At this time, spousal abuse was not uncommon, and was pretty much standard practice. However, "The Murder" is neither pro-feminist or anti-feminist. This story is not written with a bias, yet it is a commentary on the socialism of the time, and allows the reader to be the judge of whether it is right or wrong. Jelka and Jim are from two completely different cultures, this is evident in their behavior and attitudes. Jim is social, while Jelka is under the impression that women's job is to be a slave to her husband. Jelka has been taught that women should be seen and not heard. Jim cheats on his wife on Saturday nights with prostitutes, when he thinks she is home alone. But little does he know that she too, is having an affair, this is an example of irony. When Jim discovers his wife in bed with her cousin, he is quite upset. He begins by firing a bullet into the head of her cousin, and then whipping her. Jim gets off for the murder, as cases such as that were usually dismissed in that Jim was not the type to abuse his wife, and never had he whipped her until the morning after the incident. This was unlike him because he never had beaten her before this. After the incident, they continue their normal life together, and move further down the canyon so they can put this behinf them. Jim was not an anti-feminist man, he does not beat his wife or put her down emotionally. However, he goes into town and cheats on her with prostitutes. He thinks that his wife is clueless to his actions, but she knows that when he i ...

An Example of a Narrative Essay Example

An Example of a Narrative Essay Example An Example of a Narrative Essay An Example of a Narrative Essay D. Dozier Narrative Essay November 13, 2007 Word count: 809 My Little Blessings Children have a tendency to bring out the very best in people. I can say I have been fortunate to have four little blessings of my own. I consider each of them as a blessing and each day I am reminded of how much they mean to me. My children have brought out the best in meparts that I never knew existed. As children grow, so do parents. I have evolved into a better person with the courage to overcome all obstacles because of the love that I have for my children. At the age of twenty, my life was full of constant turmoil and instability. I had a plan, and children were not a part of it. I never imagined that I would ever have children. Motherhood was not for me and, if you had known me, you would have agreed. When I got pregnant for the first time, I was in complete denial. I ignored the fact that I was pregnant because I was unable to accept reality. Reality did not set in until I gave birth to my daughter. On December 17, 2000, something more than giving birth changed my perception of life. My life completely changed that day and not because I had a baby. My transformation was more spiritually focused. As my daughter, Israel grew so did I, internally. Because of the love of my little girl, I became a more centered individual. Once I had found my center, I thought that I was on track. However, I was reminded of my past when I gave birth to my son Isaiah. My son was born with a disease known as atopic dermatitis. I was very familiar with this disease because I suffered with it for many years. I was hurt when I discovered that he would have to go through what I did. I blamed myself for what was happening to him. I beat myself up for a while, until my son helped me to realize a very important fact. The nervousness, allergies and irritated skin are all things that I had went through. He made me realize that instead of feeling sorry for myself, I should be glad that I could help him. I understood his pain and could relate to the severity of the situation. Due to past obstacles, I was able to make a potentially bad situation better. Through the love for my son, I developed the ability to remain positive even during the most difficult times in life. Although I gained the knowledge to be a more stable and positive individual, something was still missing in my life. The missing piece soon fell into place upon the birth of my twin boys, Irijah and Isaac. A multiple birth was a miracle within itself. It seemed unreal because no one in my family was ever blessed with two babies. Although it took a lot of adjustment, we made it through the baby period. The hard part did not come until they became toddlers. (During this time), I noticed complications (in the development) (of the twins). I soon learned that although they were perfect on the outside my boys were suffering with autism. Irijah is severely autistic while Isaac’s is mild. I knew that in order to conquer this obstacle, changes would have to be made. In the beginning I was unaware of what needed to be done, but I never gave up. I continue to fight for my boys and struggle to keep my sanity. This has been the toughest fight of my life because it involves a series of changes. These changes dealt with acceptance, transition, and adaptation. These were necessary steps because it gives the boys a chance to lead a somewhat normal life. Through the love of my sons, I have learned to adapt to change and have gained strength and perseverance that is necessary in life. In life you must choose a path. I used to believe that setting goals and making decisions would lead me to the right chosen path. However, because of my children, I learned that I was not choosing. I was just dreaming. My dreams were nothing more than a thought because I did not have proper structure. My children are not aware of how much of an impact they have been in my life. When I look back on my life, I have no regrets because my life could have taken a path a lot less fulfilling. For the first time in my life, I am complete and that feeling could have only come from them. I am truly blessed to have my children in my life. The unconditional love that I share with my children has undoubtedly transformed me into a more focused, confident, and stronger woman.

Access and equity essays

Access and equity essays The purpose of the Australian legal system is to provide access and equity for all people in Australia. There is however compelling evidence that shows this to be incorrect. Therefore the statement the law provide access and equity to all people in Australia is untrue. This Statement means that all Australians have the ability to willing exercise their rights of participation within the legal system. While at the same time there is equal fairness to all people who are using those rights within that system. To use a sports carnival as an analogy, access would mean that all people regardless of age, sex or race would be able to compete in an event. While equity would be that all competitors would be racing over the same distance, therefore the every competitor is give equal opportunity to succeed. There are many obstacles that stand in the way of obtaining full access and equity. There are social and cultural factors such as relative difference in wealth, education, social back ground and gender, these factors combined with practical factors like geographic location stop access and equity fully being achieved. The Australia legal system incorporates aspects such as Law enforcement, legal representation, the court system, sentencing and the costs involved. Within all the groups the concept access and equity is not being fulfilled. The enforcement of the law in Australia is controlled by the police. Some of the main reasons why access and equity are not part of police culture is because of the attitude of policemen towards certain groups within society. These attitudes affect the access and equity for these groups. Social factors such as education, and cultural factors such as race also affect the access and equity of law enforcement. An example of this is the relationship between the Western Australian police and the whole aboriginal community; this relationship has been a controversial one for many years now. In 2000, a ...

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - Essay Example All of the above generates quite a challenge, given that many adult ADHD patients are self-diagnosed when they first seek clinical help. In addition to this physicians, psychiatrists and clinicians are often unfamiliar with the subtleties of adult presentations of a classically childhood disorder. In general sense ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is nothing more than parents or others seeking a medical explanation for behavior they cannot manage to control (Nigel et al, 2001:2.18). This is one of the biggest reason why ADHD is underestimated or a hidden problem in Adults. Occasionally, we may all have difficulty sitting still, paying attention or controlling impulsive behavior. For some people, the problem is so pervasive and persistent that it interferes with their daily life, including home, academic, social and work settings. Medical science first documented children exhibiting inattentiveness, impulsivity and hyperactivity in 1902. Since that time, the disorder has been given numerous names, including Minimal Brain Dysfunction, Hyper-kinetic Reaction of Childhood, and Attention-Deficit Disorder With or Without Hyperactivity. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th Edition (DSM-IV from the American Psychiatric Association, 1994) classification system, the disorder has been renamed to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). ... Since that time, the disorder has been given numerous names, including Minimal Brain Dysfunction, Hyper-kinetic Reaction of Childhood, and Attention-Deficit Disorder With or Without Hyperactivity. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th Edition (DSM-IV from the American Psychiatric Association, 1994) classification system, the disorder has been renamed to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Here ADHD is described within two clusters of symptoms: inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Each of this two areas, inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, are composed of nine different symptoms. These symptoms are listed in Attachment II. Beside these symptoms there needs to be clear evidence of significant impairment in the functioning of the person. Problems also have to persist for a minimum of half a year, and the first signs should be ascertained before the age of seven. Finally one must not be able to explain the symptoms by other diagnoses. Additional impairment has to be present in several situations in the person's life. As people can show symptoms from both areas, three subtypes define ADHD: 1. Combined Type This is the most common type, and means the person has six or more symptoms in each category 2. Predominantly Inattentive Type This means the person has six or more inattention symptoms but fewer than six hyperactivity symptoms. 3. Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type This is the least common type and means that the person has six or more hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms but fewer than six inattention symptoms. Origin It is generally agreed upon that ADHD develops most common in early youth. There has long been debate over the direction of causation

Understanding Organizations Through Imagery Assignment

Understanding Organizations Through Imagery - Assignment Example This has led to the growth of corporate social responsibility a move that tries to improve the organizational image within the outside World (Jones, 2013). Possible defects with corporate cultures lies in the way it affects the business management and operations. There exist a thin line between a healthy and unhealthy corporate culture which has a direct effect on the employees, sales and the overall customer satisfaction (Tosi, 2009). A culture that encourages aggressive behavior on the part of employees can be a turn off for the customer and thus drive sales downwards. Furthermore, an unhealthy culture can disrupt the team spirit among employees reducing their level of commitment on improving sales and services to customers (Scott & Davis, 2007). Thus, the top management should strive to ensure they propagate a healthy culture to the employees for a successful retail management. The images that I am most familiar are those that depict an organization as a living organism and an instrument of domination. This is demonstrated in the manner in which an organization struggles to survive within a competitive environment. Employees are subjected to long working hours to ensure service delivery of goods and services to the customer beyond the normal working hours e.g. in supermarkets. Unfortunately, a reduction in consumer purchasing power leads to employees’ retrenchment as the retail outlet try to reduce the operational cost (Jones,

Advanced Research Methods Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Advanced Research Methods - Dissertation Example Companies are expanding operations in other nations and the increasing incidence of mergers, acquisitions and joint ventures have increased the challenges before organizations in terms of managing a diversified and cross cultural work force. For example, an American company shifting its manufacturing and marketing facilities in China will have to integrate organizational HR practices in keeping with the lifestyle and culture of the local population. Such situations can result in cross cultural conflicts that can adversely impact organizational culture and productivity. It is very difficult for American executives to adapt to Chinese culture and systems of working. Such circumstances create responsibility for the HR department to ensure that cross cultural relationships within the organization are cordial and positive so that the company functions smoothly. This proposal is about a quantitative research that will be carried out in the area of human resource management in an organizati on that is shifting its manufacturing facilities from the US to China in order to benefit from the accruing economies of scale, low costs of production and cheap availability of raw material. The proposal will outline the research strategy on how to deal effectively with the emerging issues of training a culturally diversified workforce. Introduction The study will address some major issues in terms of the extent to which a cross cultural training strategy can work positively in improving the company’s performance in China. In order to achieve this objective, exhaustive research will have to be carried out on how expatriates and local employees have to be dealt with. Initially the company will have to ask Americans or nationals from other countries to work in China because key positions in the company cannot be performed by Chinese nationals. The research will ascertain the merits and demerits if cross-cultural training modules and also ascertain the approaches that will work best in the given environment. Another objective will be to develop theories of efficient cross-cultural modules for global human resource personnel. HRM is widely acknowledged as a management resource that imbibes the maximum possible management actions and decisions that impact relationships amongst the organization and workers (Beer et al, 1986). It is the process that coordinates the organization’s human resources in meeting organizational objectives. Therefore, the job of HR professionals becomes quite complicated because all aspects of the firm and workers have to be encompassed. It is believed that the most significant asset of the organization is its people that assist in achieving its goals, and this comprises the core of the HRM philosophy. Human resources are the most important asset and are the major force that drives human resource management in any organization. Human resource personnel have to take care of areas such as professional development, compensation, benefits, performance evaluation, recruitment, health and safety, job design, job analysis, labor relations and management of a diverse work force (Lipiec, 2002). According to Schermerhorn (2002), there is global inter-dependence in the global economy in terms of resources and markets whereby every business thrives because of competition. Internationalization has led businesses to act and think globally in order to succeed in a competitive environment. Some theorists have viewed globalization as providing massive growth potential for both developed and developing

Is business collaboration, rather than market competition, becoming Essay

Is business collaboration, rather than market competition, becoming the key to success Discuss in relation to two sectors - Essay Example Townsend and Shelley (2008) opined that, competition and collaboration exists in a business side by side and provides interdepartmental competition within the collaborative organizations. In many times it has been proven that, collaboration with the rival firms creates stronger business even with apparent competitor. In the current business scenario, getting away from the competition is quite tough. A business cannot resist itself from entering into a market competition. But collaboration is more active to inject aviation and fitness within an industry, more importantly in providing better experience to the customer. Organizations those are not able to form collaboration, are not much effective to encourage innovation towards the business growth and strategic capabilities. As businesses are becoming more close to the global world, collaboration is becoming increasingly important to ensure long term existence. The two industries where business collaboration can be experienced and observed in plenty are the IT industry and the Automobile industry. Collaboration among the IT industries has resulted to deliver IT based solution that are more flexible and tailored to meet changing business and customer’s needs. Examples of collaboration in IT sectors are Microsoft to Nokia, Google to Motorola etc. On the other hand, focusing on the collaboration technique, Auto mobile industries also gained high production capacity and margin to the high volume. Some major collaboration that already has taken place in automobile industry is general motor to PSU, Tata to Jaguar etc. Undoubtedly, collaborative strategy and dynamic is more effective in comparison to competition to provide innovation and business growth. Collaboration is more appropriate to competition in creating better future for a business. Ring et al. (1994) opted that, global competition may send a business to the outer space from the industry, but

African studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

African studies - Essay Example Additionally, the trade also led to the adoption of Islam religion. The encounter of West Africans with the Arabs helped Northern Africa to become a part of the Islamic influence. The Trans-Saharan region had been prepared for acceptance Islam faith in 7th century. Islam was one of the influential factors in the civilization of West Africa where Europeans had refused to penetrate due to the desert conditions. The cultural transformation entailed value for human life, novelty, and social prestige. Powerful kingdoms arose in West Africa due to Trans-Saharan trade. Soninke of Ghana and Mandinka in Mali participated in the trade and accumulated enormous wealth (Shillington 88). Wealth gave the kingdoms the power to maintain rule and influence in the trade. However, the region was not safe and secure due to the gold and ivory trade. Kingdoms would attack each other when traversing the desert. Robbers attacked and hijacked caravans and charioteers. Additionally, kingdoms required slaves and led to a reduction of people. People fled and moved southwards to escape the mistreatment. The spread of Islam brought tension in Western Africa as traditionalist communities resisted the influence of the religion and created a balance. The interactions between Arabs in North Africa and the trading parties from Western Sudan led to the development of infrastructures such as trade roots, monuments, and schools. According to Shillington, the development of fundamental trade centers such as Taghaza, Fezzan, Gao, Tadmeka, Wakata, and Kumbi-Saleh brought commercial and administrative organs that were responsible for trade of goods (p. 92). Communities gained gold, ivory and slaves to boost their economic power in the trade. Local leaders use forced labor to collect goods and make profits from the inferior trading communities. The economic benefits of Trans-Saharan trade were felt in Mali, Songhay and Bornu due to participation in

Analysis Essay for A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway

Analysis for A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway - Essay Example The young waiter represents a person at youth. He is the embodiment of the young person who has the promise of his entire life before him. He demonstrates the impatience of youth with the slowness and infirmities of age. His attitude is seen in his emphatic declaration, â€Å"I have confidence. I am all confidence† (Hemingway, ). He cannot conceive of any shortcoming or sorrow in life except the lack of money. He has no sympathy with the deaf old man’s despair, and ruthlessly tells him, â€Å"You should have killed yourself last week† (Hemingway, ). In the flush of youth and vigor, he is repulsed by the ravages of age: â€Å"An old man is a nasty thing† he says (Hemingway, ). His character is the depiction of youth in all its materialism and callowness. The senior waiter represents the maturity of middle age. As he progresses in age, he is acutely conscious that he is on the way to becoming an old man, like the deaf customer. He exhibits a deep empathy for the old man and says, â€Å"I am of those who like to stay late at the cafà ©, with all those who do not want to go to bed. With all those who need a light for the night† (Hemingway, ). He shares the loneliness of the old man and sympathizes with his despair. He refutes the young waiter’s criticism by asserting that the old man is clean. At the same time, he understands the impatience of the young waiter to get home to his wife. The old customer is poised on the threshold of death. Loneliness, despair, and conflict of the soul torment him. He craves the small comfort of a well-lighted and clean cafà © for a temporary period of security. He represents old age and the coming encounter with death. He is the personification of the transience of human life: â€Å"It was all nothing and a man was nothing too† (Hemingway, ), the senior waiter says. The old man is a symbol of

Is business collaboration, rather than market competition, becoming Essay

Is business collaboration, rather than market competition, becoming the key to success Discuss in relation to two sectors - Essay Example Townsend and Shelley (2008) opined that, competition and collaboration exists in a business side by side and provides interdepartmental competition within the collaborative organizations. In many times it has been proven that, collaboration with the rival firms creates stronger business even with apparent competitor. In the current business scenario, getting away from the competition is quite tough. A business cannot resist itself from entering into a market competition. But collaboration is more active to inject aviation and fitness within an industry, more importantly in providing better experience to the customer. Organizations those are not able to form collaboration, are not much effective to encourage innovation towards the business growth and strategic capabilities. As businesses are becoming more close to the global world, collaboration is becoming increasingly important to ensure long term existence. The two industries where business collaboration can be experienced and observed in plenty are the IT industry and the Automobile industry. Collaboration among the IT industries has resulted to deliver IT based solution that are more flexible and tailored to meet changing business and customer’s needs. Examples of collaboration in IT sectors are Microsoft to Nokia, Google to Motorola etc. On the other hand, focusing on the collaboration technique, Auto mobile industries also gained high production capacity and margin to the high volume. Some major collaboration that already has taken place in automobile industry is general motor to PSU, Tata to Jaguar etc. Undoubtedly, collaborative strategy and dynamic is more effective in comparison to competition to provide innovation and business growth. Collaboration is more appropriate to competition in creating better future for a business. Ring et al. (1994) opted that, global competition may send a business to the outer space from the industry, but

Analysis Essay for A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway

Analysis for A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway - Essay Example The young waiter represents a person at youth. He is the embodiment of the young person who has the promise of his entire life before him. He demonstrates the impatience of youth with the slowness and infirmities of age. His attitude is seen in his emphatic declaration, â€Å"I have confidence. I am all confidence† (Hemingway, ). He cannot conceive of any shortcoming or sorrow in life except the lack of money. He has no sympathy with the deaf old man’s despair, and ruthlessly tells him, â€Å"You should have killed yourself last week† (Hemingway, ). In the flush of youth and vigor, he is repulsed by the ravages of age: â€Å"An old man is a nasty thing† he says (Hemingway, ). His character is the depiction of youth in all its materialism and callowness. The senior waiter represents the maturity of middle age. As he progresses in age, he is acutely conscious that he is on the way to becoming an old man, like the deaf customer. He exhibits a deep empathy for the old man and says, â€Å"I am of those who like to stay late at the cafà ©, with all those who do not want to go to bed. With all those who need a light for the night† (Hemingway, ). He shares the loneliness of the old man and sympathizes with his despair. He refutes the young waiter’s criticism by asserting that the old man is clean. At the same time, he understands the impatience of the young waiter to get home to his wife. The old customer is poised on the threshold of death. Loneliness, despair, and conflict of the soul torment him. He craves the small comfort of a well-lighted and clean cafà © for a temporary period of security. He represents old age and the coming encounter with death. He is the personification of the transience of human life: â€Å"It was all nothing and a man was nothing too† (Hemingway, ), the senior waiter says. The old man is a symbol of

A Roman Revolution Essay Example for Free

A Roman Revolution Essay It was May 30, 1347.  Ã‚   The city was once at the center of the world, and varying nations vied to pay homage.  Ã‚   Since that time, however, its institutions, its buildings, and its very name seem to have been forgotten by time.  Ã‚   Local nobility compete for control while the rest of the populace starved, and banditry thrived.  Ã‚   The religious shrines and public buildings were dilapidated, and worn out from neglect.   From this one day, however, and from one such ruin, issued a declaration from a man who stirred hope in people’s breast.   Ã‚   Cola di Rienzo, who in the course of time would ambitiously set himself up as a virtual dictator in the city, at that moment declared the restitution of the Roman Republic, to the cheers of an excited throng.  Ã‚   The restless crowd seemed far disconnected from the reality of a Holy Roman Empire, independent Italian city-states, Norman and Spanish sovereignty in the south, or the hundred more kingdoms and treaties that kept Italy divided and the Republic from becoming reality, but no one cared.   A brief, tragic drama began to unfold, taking hold of the city and its dreamer alike.  Ã‚   For a few months, the Roman Republic seemed to breathe life and its Dictator Rienzo came close to uniting Italy.  Ã‚   The smaller city-states and principalities all sent their delegations and intentions to forming a loose federation with Rome.  Ã‚   And the Dictator put ambitious reforms and decrees, which championed the cause of the people.   His pride, however, got the better of him, and he soon alienated the senators and the Church.  Ã‚   The senators amassed armies against him, and the Pope called to the people to reject him.  Ã‚   Having lost all his allies, he fled the city, wandering Italy to find people to rally for his cause.   Ã‚  Dejected, beaten, his spirit finally broken, he surrendered to the Pope in Avignon, and was allowed to return to Rome where the people could not long stomach his disillusionment and killed him as a traitor[1].   This brief Roman Revolution was an early experiment of that age to attempt the reconstitution of an age that seemed lost in time.  Ã‚   The people of the Renaissance, from the artisan to the poet, was fascinated with ancient Greek traditions and culture and created works of art that mimicked Classic styles.  Ã‚   Ancient texts were gathered from the libraries where it was copied and preserved, and crude attempts at translation were made to introduce these historical artifacts to the world.  Ã‚   Most of the entire Renaissance was electrified at the thought of the old â€Å"heroic† Roman Republic, and the Caesars and Ciceros that once walked the Forum.   In due course, this paper would seek to identify the sources of the ideology behind the Italian Renaissance’s fascination with the ancient Greco-Roman, and how it seemed to suit their needs.  Ã‚   The paper will then explain the various attempts to reconstitute the past in the present, and how close they were in succeeding.    Once more, a Roman World   The thought of a restored Rome was not unique to Renaissance thought.  Ã‚   Even as the western portion of the empire collapsed under the pressure of barbarian migrations, the eastern emperor Justinian drafted ambitious plans of gaining back the lost lands of Gaul, Italy, Spain and Africa. This having failed, the Frankish kings, and later the German emperors, stylized themselves as Caesars that had legitimacy given to them by the authority of the Pope and the acquiescence of the eastern emperor.   Italian dreams of Rome, however, had political and cultural context.   They loathed the plain ugliness of Gothic and barbarian architecture, and largely preserved the Roman tradition and culture.   They lamented Italian as a bastardized form of Latin, and deplored Dante’s use of the former as the vernacular. Italian writers, at the beginning of the Renaissance, began to collect ancient texts from faraway libraries[2].  Ã‚   Petrarch, the Father of the Renaissance, was the first of the writers to amass Greek and Latin texts, and encouraged a fellow writer, Boccaccio, to pore into Greek research.   Unique also in the Renaissance, was the way the ancient texts were interpreted. In the medieval ages, the various ancient works of art were interpreted in Christian context.  Ã‚   Pagan ideals and traditions were explained with a Christian theme. Thus, a Hercules-like figure would be used to represent Christ.  Ã‚   The Renaissance began to separate the contemporary Christian thought from the ancient texts, and began to appreciate the latter in their historical context. They read into classical texts their appropriate classical meaning; they did not allegorize Latin writings as one to justify medieval Christian Europe, but in the context of ancient Rome[3].   The thought of a united Italy was sometimes reconciled with the restoration of the ancient Greco-Roman tradition.   Ã‚  Rienzo certainly thought of this when he donned the garb of the old senatorial toga and declared the return of the Roman Republic. Petrarch saw it when he asked King Charles IV of Bohemia to unite all of Italy[4], and many might have seen it when the son Alexander VI, Cesare Borgia, began a long campaign to win back much of the lost cities of the Papal States.   Conclusion: Historical Myopia   For all the dreams and ideals of the Renaissance Italians, a Roman Republic could not be reconstituted from 14th to 15th century Europe.  Ã‚   The Holy Roman Empire, primarily, would not stand for a united Italy outside of their control or power, as they would, and have claimed, Italy as an integral part of the empire. Neither, however, can the Holy Roman emperors be able to unite Italy, as they become too embroiled in disputes with the Pope, who has nominal sway over the Italian city-states.  Ã‚   And the Popes, for all their universal spiritual authority, would not be able to wrest control of all of Italy from powerful independent Italian city-states, the Normans and the Spanish, the Germans and the French, and even the Greeks until their collapse in the latter half of the 15th century.   The Italian Renaissance sought to reintroduce ancient Greco-Roman thought into the mainstream, envisioning a past that was nobly glorious.  Ã‚   Several hundred years brings distance and unreality to history, even when taken from historical context.   The Italian city-states of the Renaissance was freer in practice with its people than the ancient Roman Republic, which countless times brought down reformer tribunes, and curbed attempts to relieve the proletariat in keeping the wealthy in their state.  Ã‚   The ancient Roman Empire was less free as the centuries passed, and its economy was in nightmarish shambles, a thought that the Renaissance Italians might have shuddered at.   In the end, the Renaissance Italians might have fallen in the same way their medieval counterparts have: to see the ancient culture in their contemporary values.   Certainly the Renaissance wanted to detach itself from the â€Å"barbarism† and disunity, which seemed to plague Europe, but the reforms of a Rienzo would have shocked the ancient Roman aristocracy, and Byzantine intrigue would be far closer to Roman court morals than the Renaissance Italian sensibilities.   A final word must be said of the Renaissance dream: in the 16th century, one man came closest to uniting Italy and much of Christendom under a loose â€Å"Roman empire†.  Ã‚   Politics and religion, in the end, got in the way, and Charles V of the Hapsburg dynasty and his successors would find himself humbled by an alliance of French, Turks, Protestants and even the Pope[5]. BIBLIOGRAPHY References Durant, Will. The Renaissance. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1953. Durant, Will, Caesar and Christ. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1935. Rice, Eugene Jr., The Foundations of Early Modern Europe, 1460-1559. New York: W.W. Norton and Company,1971. Krailsheimer, A.J., The Continental Renaissance: 1500-1600. Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1970. [1] Durant, Will, The Renaissance (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1953) 16-21. [2] Durant, Will, The Renaissance (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1953) 67-69. [3] Rice, Eugene Jr., The Foundations of Early Modern Europe, 1460-1559 (New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1970) 72-76. [4] Durant, Will, The Renaissance (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1953) 46. [5] Krailsheimer, A.J.,   The Continental Renaissance: 1500-1600 (Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1971) 93-98.

Has Fitness Plus Reached Its Capacity Commerce Essay

Has Fitness Plus Reached Its Capacity Commerce Essay Fitness Initial stands out as the most substantial independently owned or operated fitness center business across the world with much more than 540 branches globally achieving much more than 1.4 million normal members throughout 19 nations. Within the united kingdom solely youll discover 161 clubs of Fitness Initial with much more than 425,000 members. Within the year of 2005, organization ended up being bought by Partners of BC Partners, an EU non-public equity group of businesses. Within the country like Australia, Fitness Initial acquired much more than a wide selection of Residing Well Lady locations really owned and operated by Hilton Group. Additionally, It made the acquisition of chain of healthclubes, 11-gym Healthland and right now possess in excess of eighty fitness centers throughout Australia. Its behind the worldwide International Fitness Week campaign to encourage much more individuals to discover what fitness regime works for them. The campaign uses former Spice Girl Mel B as the face of International Fitness Week Subsequent consist of the unique routines supplied by Fitness Plus, within their own possible : Fitness Routines à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Exercise region à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Free excercise weights à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Training region à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Cardiovascular workout room (9 stair steppers, 6 treadmills, 6 life-cycle bikes, three airdyne bikes, 2 cross-aerobics machines, 2 rowing machines, and 1 climber) Recreation Activities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Racquetball (8 courts) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Tennis (6 courts) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Outdoor pool à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ City sports teams (softball, volleyball, and swim teams) Relaxation Activities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Yoga classes (2/week in aerobics room) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Whirlpool tubs (1/locker room) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Trained massage therapist Hours of Operation Monday via Thursday 6:30 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. Friday and Saturday 6:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Sunday 12:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. Capacity Presumptions Concentrate to the possible choice will most likely be about a couple of aspects of client issues: exercise, cardio exercise, also as nautilus areas. Restrictions ought to be positioned on utilisation on these locations simply because of maximum customer desire, as represented here. This provides a way of measuring in number of members utilizing the health club per hour with regard to capacity scheduling. A essential component of total capacity organising for this case would be to observe that the maximum demand is really about 3 hours each day. Furthermore, a issue that creates capacity organizing much more complex tends to be that a single member will use all of these region which are extremely demanded, and could make use of an region much more frequently than once. Maximum Demand The maximum demand details are supplied on the purpose of looking at trouble spots also as maximum usage of particular precise regions of this facility. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Exercise = 35 members per hour in a 1 class. We tend to believe that hardly any members is going to finish a number of exercises class. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Cardio exercise = 58 members per hour in which the machines are tied to half an hour for every member simply because you will find 29 machines. Nevertheless, observe that a single member could use a number of machine, which tends to make the maximum demand capacity organizing much more complex. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Nautilus = 48 member per hour, lets assume that region is not unfilled at the begin of the maximum demand, the users of the health club move at stable rate and in pattern, 24 machine are utilized by members which is in timeframe is use of 1 minute per machine, a couple of hanging around and activity among areas. We have to make supposition that generally completely no member uses any piece of machines ; on the other hand, a member may make use of a handful of pieces and come correct out of the sequence. Assessment So it appears apparant that club areas of aerobics, cardiovascular, and nautilus could effortlessly accommodate peak demand, if the room limitations are adhered-to utilizing employee monitoring. But you will find complaints. The suspected reason for this is that members use much more than 1 region of the club. Moreover, its likely that members visiting much more than 1 region throughout their workout heavily use the aerobics, cardiovascular, and nautilus areas. Numerous members might also workout for much more than 1 hour. Measurement Technique The issue identified is capacity, and being that Fitness Plus is really a flexible flow procedure, i.e., members select their own workouts, input measures are being utilized. At the present time and with the present flow of members, Fitness Plus has big periods of operating near peak capacity in multiple areas. This is causing flow problems, such as bottlenecking within the much more well-liked workout areas. Members are utilizing much more than 1 region of the fitness center throughout every go to, but theres a lack of information to depict actual usage of these areas. For instance, we know that approximately 80 mph enter the fitness center throughout our 3 peak hours, but we dont know which areas the members go to specifically. As a result, the fitness center intends to measure use of the 3 issue areas (aerobics, cardio, nautilus) throughout the peak three-hour period. Members will utilize their membership card to enter and leave all areas of the center. The average utilization of every region will probably be computed and also the outcomes will probably be depicted in a chart, like the attached example Figure three. This will show actual usage throughout peak hours of the fitness center. Measurement ought to be over a fairly short time period since member complaints have recently increased. Some action is required within the short-term. Key Indicators Particular key indicators have been identified based on case info, which outcomes in a capacity forecast approach. Indicators consist of: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ External Leading Indicators à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Coincident Indicators à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Lagging Indicators The measurement technique for the key indicators offers a technique for every also as other choices for analysis. The measurement methods for every key indicator consist of: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ External Leading Indicators = Causal Forecasting à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Coincident Indicators = Time-Series Analysis à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Lagging Indicators = Time-Series Analysis The key indicator information and measurement methods are also depicted in Figure 4. 2. Which capacity technique would be suitable for Fitness Plus? Justify your answer. In a short time period, fitness initial has to ascertain the requirements and requirements of the possible clients, and endeavour to satisfy mismatch between those requirements and present offerings. To improve the existing dealings and accomplishment of todays requirements, directed study will probably be finalized. This will take account of: gathering real control information of equipment and rooms, bringing on innovation and ideas from operatives, market study, service plan study, effectual time table, and enhanced defensive upholding of equipment and also the service facility as a entire. 1. PROBLEM: The capacity of the fitness club, mostly within the Nautilus, cardiovascular, and aerobics fitness areas, is insufficient to meet demand. 2. RECOMMENDED Answer: Construct an extra facility. three. ANALYSIS OF Feasible SOLULTIONS: (A) Do nothing. Growth has increased the average number of members checking in at the existing fitness club to 25 members per hour in 2000. Nevertheless, complaints from members about overcrowding and unavailability of equipment could lead to dissatisfied members terminating their membership and possibly joining an additional club. If the growth continues, the number of complaints and dissatisfied members ought to improve. Do nothing isnt a great answer. (B) Extend company hours. The club is currently open 101 hours per week. Growing the number of open hours could spread out the number of clients throughout the day. Nevertheless, peak times will still exist and continue to produce complaints. Extending company hours isnt a great answer. (C) Expand the capacity of the facility. (See attached calculation sheet) The average number of members arriving per hour varies a great deal between the slow periods and peak times. The capacity cushion in 1995 was an 83%. Theres no mention of complaining throughout this time. The capacity cushion in 2000 is 72%. Present capacity measured as inputs for the Nautilus, cardiovascular, and aerobics fitness areas is 88 members per hour. To get an 83% capacity cushion like in 1995, with an average flow of 25 members per hour of year 2000, the capacity would need to be increased to 147 members per hour. Unique consideration ought to focus on the cardiovascular region where demand is over capacity at peak times. Simply because of the limited quantity of land at the present facility, expansion from 88 to 147 members per hour is most likely not feasible. (D) Build an extra facility. The resurgence of activity within the downtown region has brought increased population and new companies. Fitness club competition already exists within the downtown market. Nevertheless, members are still coming to Fitness Plus with the overcrowding and unavailability of machines with competing fitness clubs only 10-15 minutes away. Some members should prefer the services of Fitness Plus over the competition. Building an extra facility the exact same size as the present facility would double the capacity of Fitness Plus within the region. Building a new Fitness Plus club downtown will encourage a few of the present members who are closer to downtown to begin utilizing the new location. Building an extra facility will put Fitness Plus in a growing market, take a few of the strain off the present facility by growing capacity and decrease the number of dissatisfied clients. 4. ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS: The perfect capacity cushion for the Fitness Plus facility with a capacity of 88 might not be 83%. The 83% capacity cushion was utilized within the calculations simply because there was no mention of member complaints in 1995. The perfect capacity cushion might be somewhere between the 83% in 1995 and also the 72% in 2000. If the perfect capacity cushion is lower than 83%, the capacity would have to be increased but not as a lot as the 147 within the calculations. Extra info would be required to discover the perfect capacity cushion. Fitness Plus requirements to produce greater value for activities and services which are not being utilized to efficient capacity. Ideas will probably be generated from the employees to make certain that theres buy-in from the top level down. Employees are dealing with clients everyday on a much more personal level. They might be able to assess what the facility is missing to satisfy a greater quantity of clients. Study will probably be carried out to make particular that changing customer requirements are identified. You will find two new competitors that have opened fitness centers within 15 minutes of Fitness Plus, and every facility caters to a various clientele. 1 caters to a young adult crowd, not allowing kids under 16 to access the facilities, and also the other concentrates on weight and cardiovascular training only. Taking this into account, Fitness Plus has the capability to satisfy extra customer requirements with the present facility offerings. Fitness Plus has a waiting line issue thats resulting in bottlenecks. The service system has multiple lines along with a mixed arrangement of facilities involving clients with individual service requirements. The present priority rule is first-come, first-served. Fitness Plus will have to calculate both the arrival and service time distributions. To complete the waiting line analysis, Fitness Plus will also have to think about: 1. Line length both in terms of customer service and capacity 2. Number of clients in system related to efficiency and capacity three. Waiting time in line such as service rate and customer perceptions 4. Total time in system which might indicate issues with service, capacity or customer themselves 5. Service facility utilization keeping in mind total facility operating costs After analyzing the information collected via the monitoring, the outcomes might foster the development of a new layout for the facility. This layout might improve the space, equipment, and peak capacity of some areas, and decrease or eliminate other people. The focus of the facility might change to satisfy much more of the present customer base and to attract new clients which are searching for services which are not accessible at the competing locations. Additionally, Fitness Plus ought to think about alternatives to customer flow, like clients being assigned a designated time to use equipment throughout peak hours. This might be handled upon registration when entering the club. Members would have opportunity to take benefit of other, less-popular areas although they wait. They would then have a ten-minute window, based on their designated time, to return to the Nautilus or cardiovascular equipment for their workout. These members would also have a set time limit for their workouts on this equipment throughout peak times only. Other opportunities might be apparent within the scheduling of employees and aerobics classes. For aerobic class scheduling, a sign-up sheet or reservation system will assist to stop customer disappointments around full classes. A reservation system is also an outstanding tracking tool to figure out what classes are the most well-liked and what times are the most sought after. For employee scheduling, staggering employee shifts ought to be evaluated. Staggering shifts of staff will assist to eliminate excess staff members working at slow times. By concentrating on peak times, the customer will have much more personal interaction and attention from the staff, possibly improving their satisfaction. Creating a normal schedule for equipment maintenance will lower repair costs for Fitness Plus, but most of all, will maximize the availability of the equipment that clients are demanding. This will also have an indirect effect in growing both customer and employee morale and satisfaction (Al-Hassan, 2000). Fitness Plus will employ benchmarking of their competitors in an effort to discover from their successes and failures. Benchmarking is moving much more towards areas that reinforce the role of the employee within the success of the business like customer service, high quality, teamwork, communication and supplier relationships (Simpson, 2000). Analysis of outcomes will probably be completed to permit for adjustments of the objectives and improvement plan. In the long-term, Fitness Plus will have to think about expansion and figure out the optimum economies of scale to spread fixed costs, decrease construction costs, and identify procedure benefits. Present facilities limit the capacity cushion. As region population grows, Fitness Plus will have to expand to improve its capacity cushion. This will permit them to effectively deal with sudden increases in demand by its members. Average utilization rates ought to be maintained at a rate somewhat much less than 100 percent to steer clear of constant operation at peak capacity. The capacity cushions, both existing and required, are measured as 100 percent minus the utilization rate as a percentage: Capacity cushion = 100% Utilization rate (%) Utilization is equal to the average output rate divided by maximum capacity: Utilization = Average output rate x 100% Maximum capacity Simply because Fitness Plus capacity demand can vary considerably, itll have to think about a larger capacity cushion-possibly as a lot as 20%to maintain satisfactory customer service levels and sustain membership sales. Choice Inputs Before making its final choice on expansion, Fitness Plus will have to undertake four actions to arrive at the correct capacity choice. These actions consist of: 1. Estimate Capacity Requirements 2. Address Projected Demand versus Present Capacity three. Identify Capacity Alternative Choices 4. Evaluate Alternatives Identified Initial, estimated capacity requirements will probably be calculated for every region as follows: Number of machines needed = [Forecast # customers/year] x Customer time per machine hrs avail from machine per yr much less desired capacity cushion Setup time isnt a main factor within the customer workout procedure, and wont have to be included within the calculation. Next, Fitness Plus will have to identify gaps between projected demand and present capacity. This will probably be evident per the outcomes of member monitoring and analysis throughout short-term improvement procedure. Those areas with bottlenecks-Nautilus, cardiovascular and aerobics-will be the primary focus since overall capacity cant be expanded unless bottleneck operation is expanded. The third step would be to take a look at alternatives and identify a number of choices. In light of the present scenario, Fitness Plus has 3 long-term alternatives: 1. No expansion of existing facilities and wait to see what the market will bear within the future prior to making a choice on expansion 2. Minor expansion of existing facilities on the limited land accessible at the present website three. Major expansion to a second facility within the downtown region The final step would be to evaluate these alternatives based on both qualitative and quantitative terms, such as capacity technique, market competition, and financial analysis with price estimates and money flows. Simply because clients are already complaining and average capacity is running well above cushion, the initial alternative-no expansion-would most likely be eliminated. Fitness Plus is beyond the wait-and-see phase. Alternate two-minor expansion of the existing facility-is extremely limited because of the lack of land at the present location. Given the steady population improve and Fitness Plus only competition in full range workout services being the YMCA, alternative three-the expansionist strategy-may be the very best option. This capacity technique will maintain Fitness Plus ahead of customer demand. This will also limit the competitions abilities of expanding by growing their risk of overburdening the market with too a lot capacity. Fitness Plus will have to act rapidly to announce its long-term expansion plans to stop giving the competition the opportunity to do the exact same. Additionally, Fitness Plus runs the risk of over expansion, ought to the population improve level off or the fitness craze decrease. Plan Evaluation Fitness Plus implemented short-term improvements will probably be readily measurable by monitoring the number of customer complaints, the continued tracking of member usage of facility services, and also the new membership campaign in January. Assuming that Fitness Plus announces its main expansion plans-the new downtown facility-January membership will also be a gauge for that technique also. Fitness Plus will have to continue to observe population growth trends and region competition as it expands into this new market. Continued analysis of market capacity will probably be needed. three. How would you link the capacity choice being made by Fitness Plus to other kinds of operating decisions? Theres a random demand for the firms capacity in every period: the demand in excess of the capacity is lost, and revenue is generated for the fulfilled demand. At the beginning of every period, the firm may improve its capacity via buying equipment for immediate delivery, which is constrained by a random supply limit, or it may sign a future contract for equipment delivery within the following period. We assume that the firms capacity may partially turn out to be obsolete because of natural deterioration or technology innovation. We aim at characterizing optimal capacity expansion methods and comparing the profit functions also as the optimal control policies of various choices. Specifically, we show that the optimal capacity expansion policy for the present period is determined by a base-stock policy. Compared with the case where no future contracts are accessible, the optimal control parameters of capacity expansion are usually smaller. We further show that when the obsolescence ra te is deterministic, the optimal policy for capacity expansion via future contracts is also a base-stock kind. The outcomes are extended to the instances with stochastically dependent capacity supply limits and stochastically dependent demand processes, which establish the robustness of the optimal policy in numerous market conditions. Investment in capacity expansion remains 1 of the most critical decisions for a manufacturing organisation with global production facilities. Multiple elements have to be considered making the choice procedure extremely complex. The study discovered that theres a substantial quantity of work on development of mathematical multi-factor models for capacity expansion. Despite that, no single work captures all of the various facets of the issue. Since the early 1960s, numerous quantitative studies of capacity expansion issues have been conducted. Manne (1961) offers the initial and simplest models of capacity expansion with deterministic demand, single facility and infinite economic life. His book (Manne, 1967a) offers a description of numerous capacity expansion issues in which optimal location for every expansion is considered explicitly (Erlenkotter, 1967; Manne, 1967b). By the early 1980s, the capacity expansion literature evolved to consist of multiple problems and think about multiple facilities within the decision-making procedure. Luss (1982) points out that the typical objective was to minimise the discounted costs associated with the expansion procedure. Porter (1980), nevertheless, argued that the capacity expansion issue isnt as easy as just carrying out such analysis based on a couple of elements. Estimating the elements that influence a capacity expansion is really a subtle issue in business. Most of the recent work within the region of capacity expansion choice processes has focused on the advancement of computational methods (Syam, 2000) to solve various aspects of the issue based on various constraints and objectives. Some work has been carried out investigating soft elements (OBrien and Smith, 1993; Meijboom and Voordijk, 2003) yet no complete procedure has been put forward. Thus the challenge would be to develop a choice procedure that will capture leading thinking within the region and to expand this to consist of soft problems in capacity expansion in global manufacturing networks. Fitness Plus, Component B, explores alternatives to expanding a new downtown facility and is included within the Instructors Manual. If youre interested in this topic, ask your instructor for a preview.

The Day the Noise Stopped :: essays research papers

A woman is sitting in her old, shuttered house. She knows she’s alone in the world because every other living thing is dead. The doorbell rings. She answers the door to find nothing but the wind. She looks to the left, then to the right and back to the left. She has a puzzled look on her face. â€Å"What in the world is going on†, she thinks to herself. Janet runs to the living room, picks up the phone and calls her sister. No answer. â€Å"A fluke†, she thinks to herself. She dials her best friend, again, no answer. She is starting to panic at this point. Janet calls everyone in her address book, including her brother in China. She gets no answer from anyone. Janet walks outside and finds nothing but dirt, empty cars and houses. She sees bicycles left lying in the street, as if the children were snatched off them while riding away from something. Janet walks down what used to be a beautiful street, lined with oak and willow trees. What she finds now is a desolate world in which she seems to be alone. Janet continues to walk, not realizing that hours have passed. Hours without any trace of life, not even a blade of grass. She is trying to sort things out in her mind as to how this could be. Alas, she comes up with the answer, or so she thinks. She is talking aloud as she walks because she knows she will go crazy if she doesn’t hear something. â€Å"While I was sleeping, I did hear a loud screeching noise. I thought it was just a dream. I did hear a lot of screaming, and what sounded like pandemonium in the front of the house. I think we were under attack. Yes, that must be it. They have dropped nuclear bombs on us and wiped out all of God’s creations. But, can it be? Who would do this? Why am I still here? Why didn’t I die too?† Janet remembers when she was a young girl and her father told her of a story about their old, run down, house with magic shutters. He said that his father had met an Indian Medicine Man during his travels. Her grandfather helped the Medicine Man’s son. He performed an emergency surgery on him that enabled him to live a long, prosperous life. The Medicine Man didn’t have anything to offer in return.

Julius Caesar :: Free Essays

Julius Caesar Everyday life in Rome was quite organised. People could only dress that represented themselves and their status. Being a Roman citizen was very important and even the poor of the poor were proud to be Roman. Rome was governed by the triumvirate. This included Pompey, Crassus and Julius Caesar. Unfortunately Crassus died in a battle. This caused disruption and Caesar and Pompey fell out because neither wanted to share Rome. Eventually Caesar killed Pompey and his two sons. Caesar was the absolute power but because Rome had experienced a cruel tyrant Tarquin who enslaved the Romans, everyone was scared of this happening again. The role of the common people was important as if they offered light relief for the audience but more importantly provided the key for avenging Caesars death. Brutus and Mark Antony knew that the crowd could be manipulated and exploited this using various but subtle techniques which influenced the crowd. When the conspirators killed Caesar Brutus and Mark Antony made speeches about Caesar and the event of the killing. Brutus went first and used "Romans, countrymen and lovers" He puts Romans first as he killed Caesar for the good of Rome. He manipulates the crowd by asking rhetorical questions that say either you love Caear, or the love you freedom. But you can not have both speak no or forever hold your peace. Brutus knew that the Romans were proud of they freedom and their society so this question justified the killing. He says that Caesar was ambitious and it was only a matter of time before Rome was taken over. As a result, death for his ambition. The speech is effective, the crowd are won over and now support Brutus and love him. Then Mark Antony speaks and after Brutus' performance they don't really want to listen but eventually they do. This time Mark Antony starts off the opposite to Brutus "Friends Countrymen, Romans lend me your ears.." He tells the crowd that he is here to bury Caesar not to praise him.

The Presidio San Elizario

The Presidio of San Elizario In 1598, the Spanish nobleman, Don Juan De Onate from Zacatecas, Mexico was leading a group of Spanish colonists from Mexico to settle the newly discovered province of New Mexico. The group traveled for weeks across the desert until it reached the banks of the Rio Grande River near the San Elizario area. Soon afterward, Onate proclaimed possession of this area in the name of his King, Phillip II. The small town of San Elizario is named after the French Saint Elcear, the French patron saint of the military.It is one of the oldest communities in the El Paso Area. The community was established during the late 1700’s. A presidio was built in the area in order to protect the Spanish settlers from the attacking Apache and Comanche Indian raiders. The exact date of when the presidio of San Elizario was first built remains a debate between many local historians. One well known area historian, Metz, writes, â€Å"The original presidio was built around 1773 and that the original chapel was built of mostly adobe and some wood, and took approximately 40 years to construct. Most of the work was done by prisoners, some of them Indian, mostly Apache. (254). As noted by an online source, the presidio itself was surrounded by a double wall of adobe measuring 13 feet tall by seven feet wide. Inside were barracks for soldiers and special officer quarters. Also within the fort were family residences, corrals, store rooms, and a small chapel. This small chapel was built in a box pattern reflecting the early â€Å"European colonialism. † (San Elizario). The chapel has gone through major changes throughout its history, yet still remains close to its original location to this day.As historian John O. West notes, the San Elizario Presidio is often mistaken as a mission. However, the presidio of San Elizario was not created to convert the local natives to Christianity, but in fact was created as a fort or presidio to protect the Camino Real an d other area settlements from Apache and Comanche Indian raiders. (19). An online source also notes that the presidio was involved in numerous military engagements and natural disasters which forced its movement many times throughout it’s early history. (Reyes).According to another historian, Douglas Kent Hall, â€Å"The presidio was moved 37 miles up the Rio Grande in 1780 to its current site. † (131). According to another internet source, â€Å"During the early 1830’s the unpredictable Rio Grande River changed course, virtually isolating San Elizario and its surrounding communities as an island in the middle of the Rio Grande. † (San Elizario). After the US-Mexico War of 1846-1848, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed, establishing the Rio Grande River as the boundary between Texas and Mexico.This left San Elizario to become part of what is now the state of Texas. San Elizario is steeped in both Texas, and Hispanic history. Still remaining today, the San Elizario presidio and chapel has moved many times and gone through many changes since its original construction. One online source notes, in 1829, the Rio Grande flooded completely destroying the â€Å"Chapel at San Elizario. † (San Elizario). A different Website points out that the chapel that stands in the same location today was rebuilt in 1882. (Kohut). Another online source notes, the exterior has changed little from its original construction.The main difference was in the change of the front â€Å"facade,† as this added to the, â€Å"early European colonial,† influence on the contemporary construction of the time. A fire destroyed much of the interior of the chapel in 1935. The inside has undergone dramatic changes since then, again reflecting the influence of â€Å"European architectural style. † With â€Å"pressed-tin† covering the original ceiling covers and beams. Several additions have also been made to the exterior of the chapel . For instance, an orchard has been added to the east side of the chapel and the surrounding plaza.More adobe structures have also been added to the surrounding area in order to add to the formality of the area. The formal rectangular patterned streets and building orientation â€Å"reflects the elements of early Spanish colonialism. † In 1944 the chapel was repainted in order to honor the local soldiers who fought overseas in World War II. (San Elizario). A local college student writes in the Borderlands Website that a â€Å"major restoration of the chapel† began in 1993, however much work still needs to be done to the exterior walls of the structure.The Mission Trail Association, which was formed in 1986, has done much work to uphold the heritage of the chapel at San Elizario and other local Missions. Through their hard work, the Socorro and Ysleta missions, along with the San Elizario chapel have retained their beauty and strength through hundreds of years of faith and devotion. (Reyes). With the help of the Mission Trail Association and donations from tourists and local interest in its preservation, the San Elizario chapel can be a monument for many more generations to enjoy. Works Cited Hall, Douglas Kent.Frontier Spirit: Early Churches of the Southwest. New York: Abbeville Press, 1990. Print. Metz, Leon C. El Paso: Guided Through Time. El Paso, Texas: Mangan Books, 1999. Print. West, John O. â€Å"Presidio Chapel San Elceario: San Elizario, Texas, USA. † The Mission Trail: El Paso/Juarez. Ed. Laura Jusso. El Paso, Texas: Sundance Press, 1996. Print. Reyes, Blanca et al. â€Å"Area Missions are Part of Living History. † Borderlands. Web. 22 Jan 2009. â€Å"San Elizario Walking Tour. † El Paso County History. Web. 18 Dec 2009. Kohout, Martin D. â€Å"San Elizario Presidio. † Handbook of Texas Online. Web. 23 Apr 2009.

Law Enforcement Today Essay

There are many issues facing that law enforcement today from things such as racial discrimination to probable cause and for the officers who go through this on a daily basis it is has been a long and hard fight. In today’s law enforcement agencies there are many local, state and federal agencies that are in contact with the Department of Homeland Security. Racial discrimination is an issue for law enforcement today because there are cases in which a white officer arrests or shoots someone who is a minority and the minority public sees this to be an act of racial discrimination versus it being that someone who happens to be a minority not abiding by the laws that govern them and all the citizens around them as well as attempting to cause harm to those around them. For instance I am sure everyone has heard about the Michael Brown case that occurred in August 2014 where a white police officer shot and killed a black teenager in Ferguson, Missouri which has caused a problem in other agencies while their officers are on the road. Another incident that has become an issue is the safety of officers. For instance back on September 12, 2014 when a man who was seeking change shot and killed a Pennsylvania State Trooper while injuring another. Another issue all local, state and federal agencies deal with would be the issue on immigration. The reason immigration is an issue for police agencies is because when you have a person or a group of people that have come to the U.S. illegally they can cause problems in society that are unwanted and that cause crime to rocket in a specific area or all over the country. Another issue that the police agencies go through would be cybercrime. Cybercrime is a big issue for police agencies because the job of the police department is to protect the citizens and when a child is being bullied to the point the child takes their life or child pornography is being exposed on the internet it is a crime because it is causing someone else to become unsafe as well as it being illegal. Cybercrime is also very difficult for law enforcement  agencies to deal with because they can be very difficult to catch unless someone points out in plain view the specifics of who, when, where, what, and how it is occurring. Local, state and federal law enforcement agencies interact with Homeland Security in many ways. Some ways that these agencies interact with Homeland Security is by helping to continue in keeping the citizens of the United States of America safe report and by eliminate terrorist attacks or anything that will hinder the lives of the American people in any way in the United States. For instance if a local police agency runs a traffic stop that positively identifies known terrorists than they can bring the terrorists for questioning and to alert the state and federal agencies and the government on information about the terrorists and their groups. The way the Department of Homeland Security gets the federal, local and state law enforcement agencies involved is by collecting data, information, tools and resources that each of these agencies are going to need in order help eliminate terrorism in the United States. While trying to get all the agencies involved there are also different things that DHS and the local, state and federal agencies can do in order to improve their relationship. Such things include on how they communicate and share information, enhance federal resources as well as supporting them through grants, training and other means. Lastly, they would be to strengthen its analytic capabilities to achieve better awareness of new and emerging threats. As one who would like to become a police officer one day I too would like to gain access in helping to resolve the issues that the local, state and federal governments are facing today as well as in the future as well as protecting the citizens of the United States. Taking it step by step will help eliminate the threat of terror as well as even the issues of the department and the Standard Operating Procedures they go through.